Ethical Judgement Essay -- genetic experiments, organs, donation

Who appoints ethical limits that prevail in our society? Is every individual responsible for their own actions even though their morals may be different from others? Ethical judgments are made for every individual separately and some of them are based on their own emotions or their own reason. There are many factors that influence ethical judgments in a society or culture. In my essay I will use reason and emotion as ways of knowing, because I believe that in order to make an ethical judgment in both the natural sciences and arts a person’s emotion and reason play a role. Discovering new knowledge in natural sciences is mostly done with controlled experiments, while artists can express their knowledge in a different way with pictures, sculptures, movies†¦ In both areas of knowledge ethics cannot be excluded. Art has more freedom to express without getting negative feedback from spectators or society, while a natural scientist must be aware of lots of ethical limits in ord er that their experiment would be ethically acceptable. My claim is that ethical judgments do limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in arts and natural sciences, but the limitations are stricter when it comes to conducting experiments than creating art works. Ideally an objective view should be considered when evaluating this claim but our emotions can be stumbling blocks to ethical judgments. Firstly it has to be considered that if there were no experiments done with modern medicine that achieved something that was previously unimaginable, there would not be as big progress in medicine. The experiments for creating, testing and improving that medicine were done in some ways that can be ethically questionable. Ethical limits were reached and ... ....html (Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ J.P. MORELAND (2009) Ethics Theories: Utilitarianism Vs. Deontological Ethics, Available at: http://www.equip.org/articles/ethics-theories-utilitarianism-vs-deontological-ethics/ (Accessed: 12 February 2014). †¢ RITA PUTATUNDA (2007) Ethical Issues of Cloning, Available at: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ethical-issues-of-cloning.html(Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ Ronald Bennett (n.d.) Medical Experiments of the Holocaust and Nazi Medicine, Available at: http://remember.org/educate/medexp.html (Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ University of Northern Colorado (2007) Ancient Greek Ethics, Available at:http://mcb.unco.edu/ced/perspectives/ancient-greek.cfm (Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ WIKIPEDIA (2014) List of banned films, Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banned_films (Accessed: 12th February 2014).

Geographic History of Henequen in Yucatan, Mexico Essay

In Yucatan, Mexico, one of the main considered exports has been henequen that can be obtained from the plant Agave Fourcroydes. The henequen fiber has become significant to the economic stand of Yucatan since this product has conceived intense demand by international importers, such as the United States, China, Europe, etc. According to Cook (1994), during 1990s, the production of henequen has surged to a total economic export of 150,000 tons annually. In fact, the main production of henequen originates mainly from the state of Yucatan Mexico (p. 29). The state of Yucatan, Mexico, has significantly obtained economic benefits from the exports made through these henequen fibers, such as rope, rigs, sacks, and raw forms. They are usually shipped within the proximity of Merida and other cores of henequen production (Patch, 1993 p. 206). The bloom of henequen during the nineteenth century has significantly boosted the economy of the state, especially considering that they are world’s main exported of this product. From the analysis of the blooms’ occurrence, significant characteristics that have been present in the topographical condition of the state caused this immense bloom and production. The geography and climate of Yucatan State have been considered unique and very much suitable to the growth of henequen. In addition, considering the trends of exports and demands during the early 1900s, the market needs have significantly affected the consumption of the product. However, as the late nineteenth century approaches, the decline in the henequen demand in the market due to various reasons, such as competition, discovery of alternative products and conversion of haciendas in Yucatan, has become significantly noticeable. In the study, the discussion gives emphasis on the chronological history of henequen exports from Yucatan, Mexico. The study starts with the analysis of henequen bloom during the early 1900s until its significant decline during the late 20th century. The study also provides important facts on henequen growth, export historical trends contribution of climate for its growth, and the history of its market decline. Discussion Geography of Yucatan The most evident characteristic of Yucatan Peninsula is the presence of limestone shelf from the eastern to western sections that surfaces above sea level. The limestone shelf of Yucatan is present even below the sea, which is very much evident in the eastern Caribbean side. The key to the growth of Yucatan henequen is the thin limestone soils present as one of the characteristics of their lands (Sauer, 1993 p. 178). The areas of Merida and Ticul comprise the flat plains of Yucatan abundant in limestone deposits. Viewing the areas 60 km south from Merida, vast plains of Yucatan limestone are very much evident and the river areas are flow under the soil. According to Greensfelder & Dogett (2006), the significant characteristic of limestone present in Yucatan is the porous feature, which enables storage of mineral deposits as well as water source. Such features are important in promoting the growth of henequen plants, since the limestone act as the primary nutrient banks of crop roots (p. 17). The borders of the Yucatan state involve the Campeche located in the southern portion, Quintana Roo in the southeastern portion, and the Gulf of Mexico in the north and western perspective. Throughout the peninsula, lakes called lagunas are very much evident and from here on, Yucatan has also utilized cenotes or the collapsed freshwater caverns in order to obtain their freshwater. Yucatan also has their limestone pools called chenes, which also acts as their freshwater storage since the water deposits are usually brought by the underground streams. From this variety of ecologic characteristics has aroused the vast variation of exotic flora and fauna that kept the survival of Mayan civilization present in the area (Perry, 2001 p. 9). Climatology of Yucatan The Yucatan climate entails humid temperatures from November to February, while the driest season progress from November to April. Yucatan climatology is usually tropical and hot temperature progresses in an annual scope. The average annual temperatures for the Mexican Caribbean is 78 degrees F or 25. 5 degrees C with significant deviations of 5 to 7 degrees F. During the day temperatures can push into the 80s and overnight temperatures can drop as low as the 50s and low 60s degree F. The coolest months in this region are the between December to February, where the average highs are from 74 to 76 degrees F (Page, 2005 p. 10). Analyzing one of the areas where henequen is prominently produced, Merida, which is tropical and humid, obtains the annual precipitation of about 1,050mm, which signifies to potential evapotransportation of 2,000 mm (Anton, 1996 p. 118). The climatic condition of wet and dry area has been beneficial to the industry of henequen growth since this plant tend to adapt to tropical and humid environment, which describes Yucatan peninsula as the perfect place. Added by Anton (1996), the precipitation rates present in the entire peninsula accounts to a variation of 500 mm near the northwestern shore to more than 1,300 mm in the northeastern (p. 118). The Yucatan climate has been viewed as one of the contributors for the plant’s intense growth. The Agave Fourcroydes (Henequen) The henequen plant is very similar to the usual African sisal; hence, it has acquired the name Yucatan Sisal. The Agave fourcroydes plant can be easily recognized through their leaves that have a prickly and grayish green color. The leaves are processed in the same fashion as sisal, while the strands are carefully cleansed and place under the sun to dry (Cook, 1984 p. 29). The henequen stalks can extend up to 2 meters long and 10 cm to 15 cm wide. The preferential disadvantage of this plant is the presence of thorns, which is also viewed as one of the primary reasons for the preference of consumer to African sisal since stalks their stalks are free from thorns. A cultivated henequen plant can yield about 25 leaves annually from the fifth to the 16th year after its planting. Most commonly, the henequen plant can survive and grow for seven years without intensive maintenance. In fact, with the favorable topographical condition of Yucatan, the henequen plant usually survives without being attended by farmers (Greensfelder and Doggett, 2003 p. 191). The process of extracting fiber from this plant involves the cutting of their leaves and, from the factories; they grind these until the fiber strands are revealed. The main use of henequen is for the binder twine in wheat harvesting. The advantage of henequen product over synthetic fibers is its resistance to marine life propagation, such as algae, barnacles, etc (Greensfelder and Doggett, 2003 p. 191).

Nontsikelelo Albertina Sisulu, South African Activist

Albertina Sisulu (October 21, 1918–June 2, 2011) was a prominent leader in the African National Congress and the anti-Apartheid movement in South Africa. The wife of the well-known activist Walter Sisulu, she provided much-needed leadership during the years when most of the ANCs high command was either in prison or in exile. Fast Facts: Albertina Sisulu Known For: South African anti-apartheid activistAlso Known As: Ma Sisulu, Nontsikelelo Thethiwe, Mother of the NationBorn: October 21, 1918 in Camama,  Cape Province, South AfricaParents: Bonilizwe and Monikazi ThethiweDied: June 2, 2011 in Linden, Johannesburg, South AfricaEducation:  Johannesburgs Non-European Hospital, Mariazell CollegeAwards and Honors:  Honorary doctoral degree from the University of JohannesburgSpouse: Walter SisuluChildren: Max, Mlungisi, Zwelakhe, Lindiwe, NonkululekoNotable Quote: Women are the people who are going to relieve us from all this oppression and depression. The rent  boycott  that is happening in  Soweto  now is alive because of the women. It is the women who are on the street committees educating the people to stand up and protect each other. Early Life Nontsikelelo Thethiwe was born in the village of Camama, Transkei, South Africa, on October 21, 1918, to Bonilizwe and Monica Thethiwe. Her father Bonilizwe arranged for the family to live in nearby Xolobe while he was working in the mines; he died when she was 11. She was given the European name of Albertina when she started at the local mission school. At home, she was known by the pet name Ntsiki. As the eldest daughter, Albertina was often required to look after her siblings. This resulted in her being held back for a couple of years at primary school, and initially cost her a scholarship for high school. After intervention by a local Catholic mission, she was eventually given a four-year scholarship to Mariazell College in the Eastern Cape (she had to work during the holidays to support herself since the scholarship only covered term time). Albertina converted to Catholicism while at college and decided that rather than get married, she would help support her family by getting a job. She was advised to pursue nursing (rather than her first choice of being a nun). In 1939 she was accepted as a trainee nurse at Johannesburg General, a non-European hospital, and began work there in January 1940. Life as a trainee nurse was difficult. Albertina was required to buy her own uniform out of a small wage and spent most of her time in the nurses hostel. She experienced the ingrained racism of the white-minority led country through the treatment of senior black nurses by more junior white nurses. She was also refused permission to return to Xolobe when her mother died in 1941. Meeting Walter Sisulu Two of Albertinas friends at the hospital were Barbie Sisulu and Evelyn Mase (Nelson Mandelas first wife-to-be). It was through them that she became acquainted with Walter Sisulu (Barbies brother) and began a career in politics. Walter took her to the inaugural conference of the African National Congress (ANC) Youth League (formed by Walter, Nelson Mandela, and Oliver Tambo), at which Albertina was the only female delegate. It was only after 1943 that the ANC formally accepted women as members. In 1944, Albertina Thethiwe qualified as a nurse and, on July 15, she married Walter Sisulu in Cofimvaba, Transkei (her uncle had refused them permission to get married in Johannesburg). They held a second ceremony on their return to Johannesburg at the Bantu Mens Social Club, with Nelson Mandela as best man and his wife Evelyn as a bridesmaid. The newlyweds moved into 7372, Orlando Soweto, a house that belonged to Walter Sisulus family. The following year, Albertina gave birth to their first son, Max Vuysile. Starting a Life in Politics Prior to 1945, Walter was a trade union official but he was fired for organizing a strike. In 1945, Walter gave up his attempts to develop an estate agency to devote his time to the ANC. It was left to Albertina to support the family on her earnings as a nurse. In 1948, the ANC Womens League was formed and Albertina Sisulu joined immediately. The following year, she worked hard to support Walters election as the first full-time ANC secretary-general. The Defiance Campaign in 1952 was a defining moment for the anti-Apartheid struggle, with the ANC working in collaboration with the South African Indian Congress and the South African Communist Party. Walter Sisulu was one of 20 people arrested under the Suppression of Communism Act. He was sentenced to nine months of hard labor and suspended for two years for his part in the campaign. The ANC Womens League also evolved during the defiance campaign, and on April 17, 1954, several women leaders founded the non-racial Federation of South African Women (FEDSAW). FEDSAW was to fight for liberation, as well as on issues of gender inequality within South Africa. In 1954, Albertina Sisulu obtained her midwife qualification and began working for Johannesburgs City Health Department. Unlike their white counterparts, black midwives had to travel on public transport and carry all their equipment in a suitcase. Boycotting Bantu Education Albertina, through the ANC Womens League and FEDSAW, was involved in the boycott of Bantu Education. The Sisulus withdrew their children from the local government-run school in 1955 and Albertina opened her home as an alternative school. The Apartheid government soon cracked down on such practice and, rather than return their children to the Bantu education system, the Sisulus sent them to a private school in Swaziland run by Seventh Day Adventists. On August 9, 1956, Albertina was involved in the womens anti-pass protest, helping the 20,000 prospective demonstrators avoid police stops. During the march, the women sang a freedom song: Wathint abafazi, Strijdom! In 1958, Albertina was jailed for taking part in a protest against the Sophiatown removals. She was one of around 2,000 protestors who spent three weeks in detention. Albertina was represented in court by Nelson Mandela; all of the protesters were eventually acquitted. Targeted by the Apartheid Regime Following the  Sharpeville Massacre  in 1960, Walter Sisulu,  Nelson  Mandela, and  several others formed  Umkonto we Sizwe  (MK, the Spear of the Nation), the military wing of the ANC. Over the next two years, Walter Sisulu was arrested six times (though only convicted once) and Albertina Sisulu was targeted by the Apartheid government for her membership of the ANC Womens League and FEDSAW. Walter Sisulu Is Arrested and Imprisoned In April 1963 Walter, who had been released on bail pending a  six-year  prison sentence, decided to go underground and join up with the MK. Unable to discover the whereabouts of her husband, the SA authorities arrested Albertina. She was the first woman in South Africa to be detained under the  General Law Amendment Act No. 37 of 1963. She was initially placed in solitary confinement for two months, and then under dusk-till-dawn house arrest and banned for the first time. During her time in solitary, Lilliesleaf Farm (Rivonia) was raided and Walter Sisulu was arrested. Walter was sentenced to life imprisonment for planning acts of sabotage and sent to Robben Island on June 12, 1964 (he was released in 1989). The Aftermath  of the Soweto Student Uprising In 1974, the banning order against Albertina Sisulu was renewed. The requirement for partial house arrest was removed, but Albertina still needed to apply for special permits to leave Orlando, the township in which she lived. In June 1976 Nkuli, Albertinas youngest child and  second daughter, was caught in the periphery of the  Soweto student uprising. Two days before, Albertinas eldest daughter Lindiwe had been taken into custody and held at  a detention  center at John  Voster  square (where  Steve Biko  would die the following year). Lindiwe was involved with the  Black Peoples Convention  and  Black Consciousness Movement  (BCM). The BCM had a more militant attitude toward South African whites than the ANC. Lindiwe was detained for almost a year, after which she left for Mozambique and Swaziland.​ In 1979, Albertinas banning order was again renewed, though this time for only two years. The Sisulu family continued to be targeted by the authorities. In 1980 Nkuli, who was by then studying at Fort Hare  University, was detained and beaten by the police. She returned to Johannesburg to live with Albertina rather continue her studies. At the end of the year, Albertinas son  Zwelakhe was placed under a banning order that effectively curtailed his career as a journalist because he was prohibited from any involvement in the media. Zwelakhe was president of the Writers Association of South Africa at that time. Since Zwelakhe and his wife lived in the same house as Albertina, their respective  bans  had the curious result that they were not allowed to be in the same room as each other or talk to each other about politics. When Albertinas banning order ended in 1981, it was not renewed. She had been banned for a total of 18 years, the longest  anyone  had been banned in South Africa at that point. Being released from the ban meant that she could now pursue her work with FEDSAW, speak at meetings, and even be quoted in newspapers. Opposing the Tricameral Parliament In the early  1980s,  Albertina campaigned against the introduction of the Tricameral Parliament, which gave limited rights to Indians and Coloureds. Albertina, who was once again under a banning order, was unable to attend a critical conference at which the Reverend Alan Boesak proposed a united front against the Apartheid government plans. She indicated her support through FEDSAW and the Womens League. In 1983, she was elected president of FEDSAW. Mother of the Nation In August 1983, she was arrested and charged under the  Suppression of Communism Act  for allegedly furthering the aims of the ANC. Eight months earlier she had, with others, attended the funeral of Rose Mbele and draped an ANC flag over the coffin. It was also alleged that she delivered a pro-ANC tribute to the FEDSAW and ANC Womens League stalwart at the funeral. Albertina was elected, in absentia, president of the United Democratic Front (UDF) and for the first time she was referred to in print as the Mother of the Nation. The UDF was an umbrella group of hundreds of organizations opposed to Apartheid, which united both black and white  activists  and provided a legal front for the ANC and other banned groups. Albertina was detained in Diepkloof prison until her trial in October 1983, during which she was defended by George Bizos. In February 1984, she was sentenced to four years, two years suspended. At the last minute, she was given the right to appeal and was released on bail. The appeal was finally granted in 1987 and the case was dismissed. Arrested for Treason In 1985,  PW Botha  imposed  a state  of emergency. Black youths were rioting in the townships, and the Apartheid government responded by flattening Crossroads township, near Cape Town. Albertina was arrested again, and she and 15 other leaders of the UDF were charged with treason and instigating revolution. Albertina was eventually released on bail, but the conditions of the bail meant she could no longer participate in FEDWAS, UDF, and ANC Womens League events. The treason trial began in October but collapsed when a key witness admitted he could have been mistaken. Charges were dropped against most of the accused, including Albertina, in December. In February 1988, the UDF was banned under further State of Emergency restrictions. Leading an Overseas Delegation In 1989 Albertina was asked as the patroness of the principal black opposition group in  South Africa (the wording of the official invitation) to meet with U.S. president George W Bush, former president Jimmy Carter, and UK prime minister Margaret Thatcher. Both countries had resisted economic action against South Africa. She was given a special dispensation to leave the country and provided with a passport. Albertina gave many interviews while overseas, detailing the severe conditions for blacks within South Africa and commenting on what she saw as the Wests responsibilities in maintaining sanctions against the Apartheid regime. Parliament and Retirement Walter Sisulu was released from prison in October 1989. The ANC was un-banned the following year, and the Sisulus worked hard to re-establish its position in South African politics. Walter was elected deputy president of the ANC and Albertina was elected deputy president of the ANC Womens League. Death Both Albertina and Walter became members of parliament under the new transitional government in 1994. They retired from parliament and politics in 1999. Walter died after a long period of illness in May 2003. Albertina Sisulu died peacefully on June 2, 2011, at her home in Linden, Johannesburg. Legacy Albertina Sisulu was a major figure in the anti-apartheid movement and a symbol of hope for thousands of South Africans. Sisulu holds a special place in the hearts of South Africans, in part because of the persecution she experienced and in part because of her unflinching dedication to the cause of a liberated nation. Sources Albertina Sisulus Legacy. Southafrica.co.za.â€Å"Albertina Nontsikelelo Sisulu.†Ã‚  South African History Online, 25 Oct. 2018.Shepherd, Melinda C. â€Å"Albertina Sisulu.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 17 Oct. 2018.

A Thesis Statement Monarchy And Democracy - 1476 Words

Thesis Statement: Monarchy and Democracy Through assessing both monarchy and democracy from both perspectives of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, one can see that democracy creates the most beneficial outcome. Today, many people associate the ideals Locke adopts with democracy. Although, in Locke’s book, Second Treatise of Government, he did not solely focus on democracy. He listed many types of government, not favoring any. He believed that as long as they adhere to his rules, they remain valid. As a result of looking through Thomas Hobbes’ view on monarchy and John Locke’s view on democracy, both perspectives provide a vast amount of information of an ideal government. In Locke’s book, Second Treatise of Government, chapter 11 is devoted to legislative power, which Locke identifies as the most important part of the government. Locke provides rules for this legislative power. The first is the preservation of society. No one can challenge the power of the legislative body, or pass laws of their own. This power is invested in the body of the majority. In this chapter, he brings up a constant concern in even today in America: long term office holders. This rule becomes important when members of legislatures hold positions for long periods of time, perhaps even for life. In instances like this, they may think themselves as separate entities detached from their society. They start to work for their interests rather than society’s. Through Hobbes’ view on monarchy,Show MoreRelatedAge of Enlightenment and Glorious Revolution622 Words   |  3 PagesGraded Assignment Outline and Thesis Statement (20 points) |Score | | | 1. Complete the following outline, as you read online about the events in England that were milestones in the development of democracy. (There are ten items that need information.) Answer: A Bird’s-Eye View 1 Renaissance and Reformation During the Renaissance, Europe was charged with a new spirit of inquiry. 2 English monarchy The Glorious Revolution 1 CharlesRead MoreAmerica s Founding Ideas - September Term1378 Words   |  6 PagesJoanne Geloso America’s Founding Ideas – January Term First Paper Assignment One of the reasons the American Revolution is considered the greatest experiment in liberty and democracy is due in part to the political and philosophical ideology produced as a result of the Enlightenment period. These ideas combined with the geographical location of the colonies, separating them from England by a vast ocean, were felt to have created the ideal opportunity for the colonies to declare their autonomyRead MoreAdolf Hitler (Nazi Leader). .Even Though Hitler Was In1427 Words   |  6 Pages20th century. To understand Adolf Hitler’s rise of power, one must first understand the socio- historical background in Germany. In 1918, which was near the end of World War I, a revolution went on. The Kaiser was forced to abdicate and the monarchy was overthrown. In the early 1919, a parliamentary democratic government was established in Germany - the Weimar Republic. The same year, the Weimar Republic government, representing Germany, signed the Treaty of Versailles, which not only placedRead MoreThroughout history, mankind has often ventured to spread its faith to the non-believers of the2900 Words   |  12 PagesThroughout history, mankind has often ventured to spread its faith to the non-believers of the world. In the modern world, religion has been replaced by democracy, liberalism and capitalism and the United States as â€Å"the leader of the free world† has taken it upon herself to convert the rest of the world. Historically, the United States has preferred to o perate in isolation, only getting involved in North and South American affairs. This paradigm shifted after World War II, when the United StatedRead MoreThe Revolution Being The `` Gender Revolution ``895 Words   |  4 Pagesrage many women have had from being back stabbed by their lover. We can see the evolution beginning even in dated movies like The Wizard of Oz: A woman who must be strong for all of her companions in order to see a brighter day. Dorothy was the anti-thesis of the woman archetype for those who were raised in the 10’s and 20’s. Dorothy did not have a selfless gentleman of notable strength to protect her virtue. She protected her and her friends. It is assumed that art imitates life imitates art; thereforeRead MoreEvolution and the Modern Social Contract Theory : Essay Outline1050 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment of the theory by introducing each of them and discussing their respective political theory of the subject. The main thinkers that we will introduce in his essay are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Immanuel Kant and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Thesis Statement: Essentially, the social contract theory states that the individuals have abandoned their freedom to submit to the authority of the state and therefore the majority. The question of equality is also very predominating in the writing about theRead MoreEssay Reveiw4144 Words   |  17 PagesAP Essay Review 17th Century Affairs 1. How did the disintegration of the medieval church and the coming of the Reformation contribute to the development of nation-states in Western Europe between 1450 and 1648? a. Thesis: Rise of absolutism came at the expense of the medieval church, absolutism laid the foundation for the modern-nation state. Supporting Info: (main body) 1. German princes: Luther’s Reformation = more power for princes. They have greater control of political affairs and nationalRead MoreAbsolutism and Constitutionalism Essay2759 Words   |  12 Pagesparlements (-e) were different in that there were many regional parlements as opposed to one central one, and they lacked the ability to make laws. Rather, the French parlements just had the authority to accept or refuse policies proposed by the monarchy. The French also had the Estates General to serve as its legislature, but it was a medieval creation that never really caught on among the French nobles. It could only meet when it was called into session by the king, and that was very rare (metRead MoreAdvancements in the Roman Empire Compared to that of the Han Dynasty2165 Words   |  9 Pagesfour hundred years (Immell, 22). Two centuries later, the Roman Empire was also established with the same beliefs and it was then able to transcend. For example, they created and pe rformed the theatrical arts and invented the use of a senate in a democracy that didnt reappear until after the renaissance in Europe (Lassieur, 8). Comparing the Han Dynasty to the Roman Empire is more like choosing an apple from a basket; all apples are the same, but only some are ripe enough to shine. Although both civilizationsRead MoreA General Comparison between the Senate of Ancient Rome and the Senate of the United States4115 Words   |  17 Pages A General Comparison between the Senate of Ancient Rome and the Senate of the United States Research Class 16th August 2012 Outline I. Introduction Thesis statement: It is known to most that Western countries are on the rule of parliamentary democracy. We also know that Western countries inherited their political system from the ancient Greeks and Romans, especially the Roman political system. It has shaped western parliamentary system more than

Video Games Help Motor Development And Brain - 1501 Words

Since the beginning of these, the benefits of video games have been ignored by many people due to the great discussions that have generated the defects of some video games that are violent. The young people, the main users of these only think of having fun and as many of them say, it is only a game but with regard to the questioning of society, they generate a stubborn attitude, as experts say, there is no influence more marked than that which is not aware. Not all of them are dangers and threats in the case of videogames: there are works that justify those video games are good for the brain, and entail rigorous cognitive training and improvement of the mental abilities of the child or adolescent. A growing number of university studies†¦show more content†¦Children do not necessarily need to play sports to improve their hand-eye coordination. In fact, other scientists have found that skillful players can make decisions and act accordingly up to six times in a second, or four times faster than most people act. Faster thinking, sharper memory. Other studies show that video games can improve skills such as problem-solving ability, inductive reasoning, pattern recognition, precision estimation, resource management efficiency, fast thinking or sharper memory. More creativity, a longitudinal study carried out over three years with children between the ages of 10 and 14 found that the longer they spent playing, the higher their scores on standardized tests of creativity, regardless of race, gender or type of game. This process progresses critical-thinking skills and can teach kids the value of trying numerous different solutions to a problem, a skill that will benefit them for life.. Video games force kids to think rapidly. In contrast, the use of mobile phones, the Internet or computers for other purposes had no effect on creativity, according to scientists findings. According to a study described on the Daily Tech website, kids who play video games are given uncommon problems to solve, many of which they must solve very swiftly. In particular, action games encourage players to make fast choices using signShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech : Video Games And Violence1316 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: Video Games and Violence General Purpose: To Persuade Specific Purpose: My audiences will stop playing video games long enough not to cause people to exhibit aggressive behavior. Proposition: We should not play video games for long periods of time in order to avoid addiction and aggression Introduction: I. Attention Getter: * To start off how many of you guys play video games? (Video) Imagine you’re the person playing this video game. How do youRead MoreEssay on Computer and Video Games: Game for a Better Future591 Words   |  3 PagesTeenagers have a tendency to really enjoy video games. The idea of being able to immerse yourself into another characters life and make choices for them is absolutely amazing. The most incredible concept about video games is how they allow us to relate and plunge into our character’s world and get away from the troubles and boredom of our own lives. Most teenagers appreciate video games for entertainment uses only, but most people don’t know the endless possibilities of other ways it can be usedRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Our Lives1355 Words   |  6 Pagesfun and addicting, do they damage the brain, affect your temper, or even damage your nerves effecting your ability to see or exercise? Many people have differing opinions on this subject. I personally think that video games can greatly impact your lives in a positive manner, but they can also destro y your lives. Videogames altering your intelligence making you less sophisticated, or time consuming making people over weight? The advantage of playing video games can be proven in its ability to enhanceRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Video Games Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesVideo games began in the late 1960s. It is highly interactive but also a distinct simulation of the real world and the world of thinking. In recent years, Video games have been gaining its popularity at an amazing rate and have developed into a common form of entertainment in peoples lives. According to a survey, the researcher found that in 1992, approximately ninety-two percent of U.S. kids between 2 and 17 years of age play video games, and their parents bought 225 million of them last year toRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On The Brain1585 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Video Games on the Brain In today’s society, the concerns for the effects of video games have acquired quite a terrible reputation. Worried parents around the world assume video games make their children do poorly in school, and create violent, desensitized, antisocial children. The increase in violent games, usually get the blame for aggressive behavior, shootings and violence in schools and young individuals. Most beliefs about video games effect on the brain and emotions are veryRead MorePhysical Development in Middle Childhood Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pagessocio-emotional domains of human development are influenced by diverse factors. Phases of development extend from the beginnings of human life and continue throughout the lifespan. These developmental phases are characterised by a range of features including brain development, language development and social development amongst others. Gross motor skills include activities such as running, skipping and jumping. They involve the use of the body’s larger muscle groups. Gross motor skills greatly improveRead MoreEssay on Baby DJ School898 Words   |  4 Pagesportal into the wonderful worlds of electro, hip-hop, and house music. Baby DJ school originated in Brooklyn, New York and was opened by Natalie Elizabeth Weiss, DJ, composer and playwright. She opened the school in order to â€Å"attribute gross and fine motor skills, spatial reasoning, and language skills and foster a special bond between caretaker and baby.† The school provides an interactive music program for toddlers and teaches them how to make their own beats via using their own creativity. Baby DJRead MoreVideo Games, Violence And Aggression1005 Words   |  5 PagesVideo Games, Violence and Aggression For many years, there have been arguments over violent video games and their harmful effects. The standards for violence in today’s society are different than when video games were first introduced. A person’s personality plays into how they are effected by violence. In an article written for the American Psychological Association, Patrick Markey determined, â€Å"certain combinations of personality traits can help predict which young people will be more adverselyRead MoreVideo Games Have A Negative Influence On Young People1376 Words   |  6 Pagessociety often depicts video games to have a negative influence on young people. However, playing video games is more beneficial than people would think. Playing video games has many advantages, such as they help increase and develop cognitive functions, mental health, and more often than most they are educational. Gee, James Paul. What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy. Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. This book looks at the educational level of what video games have to teach us. GeeRead MoreThe Importance Of Video Games1354 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s society video games have a large influence on people. We also might be driven to the point of where we are dependent on them. In fact, being so engulfed in video games could help children become more focused.In fact, parents would probably disagree and say that video games wouldn’t be essential to learning because it would probably be considered a waste of time for children and time-consuming. Parents would also disagree with the content of what is in the game, but there is a great possibility

Research Proposal Corporate Social Responsibility - Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Research Proposal for Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction: In the context of this research proposal, the selected research topic is A study to explore the roles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in improving the brand image, brand attitude and brand value of the business firms in the global market. Business Significance of the Research Topic In todays globalized and competitive commercial environment, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is one of the major, essential and dynamic tools or elements that play a key role in organizational brand management. For case, in the current time, companies or business firms are applying and utilizing a wide range of CSR strategies to develop or maintain a positive brand image in todays competitive business environment. This research study explores the roles, significance and importance of CSR practices and strategies. Moreover, with the effective use of CSR, international organizations are building their brand image and improving organizational reputation at the global level. Additionally, today, multinational companies are using CSR methods or strategies to sustain the environment, people and society. In the same way, CSR strategies are playing fundamental role in increasing the public attention of companies to the well-being of society. Most of the MNCs had focused on CSR strategi es or activities to create brand awareness and brand attitude in the global market. In addition to this, in this research secondary data method is used to explore the roles of CSR in enhancing the brand image, brand attitude and brand value in the market. This paper uses the secondary data (literature review) and primary data (questionnaire survey) for discovering the CSR significant for the organizations to maintain their brand in the worldwide market. Literature Review Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is described as the core strategies that help the business firms to manage their brand in the market by attracting and retaining the people with the business. In the word of Peloza Shang (2011), CSR allows MNCs to create good images, develop brand attitude and a good reputation in the competitive market. Therefore, MNCs are focusing on fulfilling their social responsibility to sustain the people, environment, and planet that can enhance its brand image, brand attitude and brand value as well as create a competitive edge in the competitive global market. In addition, Arendt Brettel (2010) described that, the CSR activities or polices indicates organizational commitment for the society. The CSR ensures the multinational organizations to take business decision by considering the need of people, prevent, planet and nature or environment that indicated their commitment to society. Moreover, in the current time, todays organizations follow CSR framework that indicates they are preventing the people, planet and nature or environment by the reducing pollution, wastage and minimizing use of natural resources. Hence, CSR is an effective way for the business firms to create brand image, attention and maintaining brand value. In this way, with the help of CSR, companies are enhancing and maintaining the competitive position in the global market. Furthermore, Chomvilailuk Butcher (2010) stated that, the CSR policies or strategies are applied and used by todays multinational organizations to solve their branding issues and improve corporate social performance through brand management and brand attitude. On the other hand, it is also analyzed that, international banks or financial institutions are also managing the brand image through CSR strategies or activities. International financial organizations are facing the external pressures to maintain their corporate social performance at the global level; therefore they have focused on fulfilling the CSR functions effectively. So, the banks are applying CSR methods and ways to manage brand image and improve brand equity in a developing and developed market (Chomvilailuk Butcher, 2010). According to Bign-Alcaiz, Currs-Prez Snchez-Garca (2009), the CSR activities are carried by the organizations to engage social values and satisfy social needs. The organizations are adopting different kinds of CSR activities or policies (such as customer oriented CSR, the employee oriented CSR, the economically oriented CSR, and the community oriented CSR) to fulfill their responsibilities and commitment for customer, employees, economy and communities. In recent time, the customers consider brand image and brand reputation when they purchase any products and services. Therefore, the organizations had focused on social responsibility to explore the customer attitudes towards the brand. CSR is playing a key role in developing the brand attitudes and brand loyalty that helps the organizations to maintain their competitive position in the competitive and challenging international market. Today the current trend is that the consumers consider the favorable brand attitudes in making purchasing decision. In this way, consumer prefers to buy the products those have good brand image and reputation in the market. Brand image or value is importantly correlated with corporate reputation and consumer appraisals; therefore the strong brand image is the high customers appraisal. Moreover, brand attributes are related to the positive images of the company and customer attributes indicates the customer have greater satisfaction with the brand. The CSR has significant impact on the experiential brand image therefore the organizations had focused on environmentally and community oriented CSR practices such as environmental protection practices. The following are the main research questions that will be explored in this research to achieve the outcome and objectives of this study: How CSR affects the brand image, brand attitude and brand value of the multinational organizations? What is the impact of CSR strategies on brand image and brand reputation in the context of the global market? What is the role of the CSR strategies and practices in improving the attitudes and willingness of the customers? How CSR play fundamental roles in developing positive brand image and enhancing brand value or reputation? Research Methodologies and Techniques Research methodology is the fundamental section of a research that considers specific research techniques and methods that used by researcher to effectively address the research questions. Moreover, according to the research methodology, a researcher selects research design, approach, philosophy and different ways to collecting data to reach the outcome of this research. Additionally, two types of research design such as qualitative and quantitative research design would be used by the researcher to collect the data and solve the research problem effectively. The researcher would apply qualitative research design to evaluate the human behaviours and analyse the factors that affect particular behaviour of human. Furthermore, the researcher use quantitative research design to analyse current business, social, and market issues by collecting data in huge quantity and analyse the data to reach at conclusion. In the context of this study, the research will use qualitative research design to evaluate the impact of CSR activities on the people mind and behaviour that help in resolving the research problems. Moreover, by applying qualitative research design, the researcher would be able to collect limited or appropriate data through collecting the view of limited or selected participants by conduct survey with apply sampling technique. Qualitative research design is beneficial to collect limited or appropriate data, so that the researcher would be able to evaluate the CSR effectiveness for the international organizations in the current times. A Project Plan In this section a Gantt chart is developed that explains the milestones. Moreover, it is also indicates all activities of the dissertation that provides guideline to the researcher to complete the research. Gantt chart: The time schedule of this research is 14 week that means all activities of this research complete within 14 week. The below table showed the Gantt chart that justifies the business research (Capstone) thesis study complete within the time period (14 week). Activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Weeks Introduction Literature Review Research Methodology Questionnaire Formation Questionnaire Distribution Collection of Responses Analysis of Data Findings Presentation Relating Research Objectives with the Findings Conclusion and Recommendations Milestones: The milestone of this business research/thesis study is created on the basis of the Gantt chart and time schedule for the research. The following are main milestones of this business research: Chapter 1 Introduction (Week 1); Chapter 2 Literature Review (Week 6); Chapter 3 Research Methodology (Week 7); Chapter 4 Data Collection and Analysis (Week 10); and Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendation (Week 14). Research Process Description: The below picture show the overall process of this research that is divided into five parts including, introduction; literature review; research methodologies; data collection and analysis; and conclusion. Introduction Chapter: This first chapter describes research background, research objectives, research questions, and research problem. This chapter would be appropriate for the researcher to develop their knowledge on research problem that provided it directions for the next chapters. Literature Review Chapter: In this second chapter, a literature review would be conducted through collecting the views of different authors regarding the research topic or issues. This chapter is an effective way to collect the secondary data regarding the research problem by collecting the information from the articles, scholars, books, companies annual reports, companies official sites and other online sites. Research Methodology and Techniques: The third chapter describes the research methodology that provides directions to the researcher to achieve the objective of this research by maintaining the reliability and credibility. Research philosophy, research design, research approach, data collection and sampling techniques are the major tools that would be used by the researcher to compete this research. Data Analysis and Interpretation: In the fourth chapter, the research would analyse the data through the primary and secondary data collection methods. The researcher would use the tables, graphs and charts to present the data analysis finding that would help to interpret the result of data analysis. Conclusion Recommendation: On the basis of the all above four chapters, the researcher explains the main outcome or finding of this research problem in this final chapter. This research also recommends some suggestions for the further researchers and for the companies to improve their brand image and reputation through CSR activities. The proper justification of all chapter and overall research process provided the direction of the researchers, so they would able to achieve the outcome of this study with maintain the reliability and validity. Data Collection Data Analysis Selection of the appropriate data collection methods would be essential to maintain the reliability, credulity and validity of the research study. In this research, the researcher uses both types of data collection methods such as primary and secondary data collection techniques to collect the appropriate information and data that is required to accomplish the objectives of this study. The primary data is the fresh data or information used for the research. The secondary data is the information used many times. The primary data is collected through conducting the questionnaire survey from the customers to collect their views on the importance of CSR of the organizations in the context of enhance brand image, brand attributes and brand reputations. In addition, the secondary data is collected by conducting literature review by including the different authors views on the research topic or subject. In this research, the researcher would interpret or present the primary data in the form of table, graph, and pie chart. Description of Expected Research Outcomes This expected outcome of this research is that the multinational organizations are focusing on the CSR for the brand management. Moreover, the organizations had focused on fulfilling their responsibility for people, plant, nature or environment, economy and society that contributed to enhance their brand image, brand attitude and brand value in the market. Moreover, it also conveyed that the organizational CSR activities or practices are playing key role in improving the customer attributes that impacts its willingness to buy products and services. Ethics Checklist Ethical consideration is the basic requirement of any research to maintain the credibility, validity and reliability of the research outcome or finding. This ensures that the all valid and authentic secondary data sources are properly citation (in-texting) and references by the researcher to enhance the quality and reliability of this study. The researcher must follow the ethical regulations as well as citation or references guideline of university to maintain the reliability, credibility and validity of this study. References Alvesson, M., and Skldberg, K. Reflexive methodology: New vistas for qualitative research. USA, Sage. 2009. Arendt, S., and Brettel, M. Understanding the influence of corporate social responsibility on corporate identity, image, and firm performance. Management Decision, vol. 48, no.10, 2010, p. 1469-1492. Bign-Alcaiz, E., Currs-Prez, R., and Snchez-Garca, I. Brand credibility in cause-related marketing: the moderating role of consumer values. Journal of Product Brand Management, vol.18, no. 6, 2009, p. 437-447. Chomvilailuk, R., and Butcher, K. Enhancing brand preference through corporate social responsibility initiatives in the Thai banking sector. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 22, no. 3, 2010, p. 397-418. Daymon, C. and Holloway, I. Qualitative Research Methods in Public Relations and Marketing Communications. UK: Taylor Francis, 2010. Gale, N. K., Heath, G., Cameron, E., Rashid, S., and Redwood, S. Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research. BMC medical research methodology, vol.13, no.1, 2013, p. 117. Gerrish, K. and Lacey, A. The Research Process in Nursing. USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. Johnson, B. Christensen, L. Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches. (4th ed.). USA: SAGE, 2010. Kuada, J. Research Methodology: A Project Guide for University Students. USA: Samfundslitteratur, 2012. Noor, K. B. M. Case study: A strategic research methodology. American journal of applied sciences, vol. 5, no. 11, 2008, p. 1602-1604. Peloza, J., and Shang, J. How can corporate social responsibility activities create value for stakeholders? A systematic review. Journal of the academy of Marketing Science, vol. 39, no.1, 2011, p. 117-135. Pickard, A. Research methods in information. USA: Facet publishing, 2012. Smith, J. A. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. USA: Sage, 2015. Speziale, H. J. S., Streubert, H. J. Carpenter, D. R. Qualitative Research in Nursing: Advancing the Humanistic Imperative. USA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins, 2010. Torelli, C. J., Monga, A. B., and Kaikati, A. M. Doing poorly by doing good: Corporate social responsibility and brand concepts. Journal of Consumer Research, vol.38, no. 5, 2012, p. 948-963. Torres, A., Bijmolt, T. H., Trib, J. A., and Verhoef, P. Generating global brand equity through corporate social responsibility to key stakeholders. International Journal of Research in Marketing, vol. 29, no.1, 2012, p.13-24. Wrycza, S. Research in Systems Analysis and Design: Models and Methods. USA: Springer, 2012.

Reflection Thinking for Social Innovation

Question: Discuss about the Reflection Thinking for Social Innovation. Answer: Introduction: Considering the incorporation of the ICT projects, the functions of the implementers, developers and designers could not be overlooked. Since long, I am also interested in knowing the basic technicalities involved in designing websites, how the content is developed, how the designers create platforms without any technical drawbacks and so on. Hence, I have selected this post in order to understand the consequences ICT application within the society and obtain an insight on the role of the ICT implementers, developers and designers. The post illustrates how negligence of the developers could give rise to severe concerns like unpredicted effects of the content, hacking of information, which in turn brings security issues to the organizations and increase vulnerability, simultaneously, demonstrates how the developers work together to accomplish their set goals. It is mentioned in the post that the content developers are not responsible for channelling to the anticipated audience rather they focus on developing content. Alternatively, the ICT infrastructure providers are responsible for channelling to respective audience. By clarifying the roles and responsibilities, the post clearly inform the readers about the respective job roles of the ICT developers, implementers and designers (Wang and Woo, 2007). According to my personal opinion, illustration with relevant examples has increased the quality of the selected post. A prominent example in this context would be the website, named My School, which has provided a p latform to compare the students academic aptitudes based on the exams. It was also demonstrated that designed program may fail to setup effective security features due to internal conflicts of the developers, designers and implementers considering their job roles. Since making the posts, my expanded view would be that developers, implementers and designers need to work collaboratively to each other to avoid severe security concerns and establish firm, user-friendly application based systems. In the era of rapid globalization, innovation plays a major role, irrespective of the nature of the business. According to Tim, a renowned speaker of the TED conference, designers need to think big that informs a hidden message to his audience. Businesses are into tremendous competition in order to provide good quality services and products to attract more number of customers that in turn necessitates constant innovation. The present piece of writing includes opinions on design thinking, compare designing approaches at the end of the 20th century, which attracts me the most to select the post for reflection. To summarize, it could be stated that organizations cannot continue to exist without active workforce, which can implement and design the relevant projects and simultaneously, should inspire other professionals to innovate. Brown and Wyatt (2015) in this context have mentioned that creative designers should have the capacity to apprehend market demands. Collaborative working ensures that more responsibilities are accomplished. While talking about inspiring others, it indicates the need to have and develop leadership qualities within oneself. Considering a human aspect, it could be mentioned that people face loads of challenges in everyday life and difficulties are seen as opportunities, especially by the designers, who could apply their leadership skill, innovate and develop the proper solution to complicated issues. Innovation in technology includes economic parameters. Innovativeness in design thinking introduces new ways to point out the available hindrances. Effective and strateg ical dealing of which could explore new opportunities in the field of economy and technology that in turn create tools to introduce changes. According to my personal view considering the post would be that alterations come together with innovative choices that create a center of attention for the designers to develop new ideas and extend their views on those ideas. Transforming design by understanding problems and practices within organizations is a matter of concern that attracts me to a greater extent. As per my understanding from the post, it could be revealed that the success of transformation design involves developing an insight on the present practice methods and create innovative approaches to the encountered issues, which could be done by developing brainstorming and prototyping on selected matters. An attractive solution would be capacity to maintain more engagement with the customers that basically boost the understanding by the designers (Sangiorgi 2011). Searching for more innovation in transformative design would be another effective approach that promotes necessary business related processes in order to obtain desirable outcomes. In order to do this and to reduce risks, organizations need to develop prototypes and assess the usefulness of those designs. Failure is the part of it, but the designers should not give up and be active with constant monitoring of the conditions that would fetch more success. Designers need to embrace innovative approaches in order to go beyo nd traditional methods, as adoption to the newly made changes could develop physiological and practical hindrances. Service delivery could be a practical challenge if the designers fail to communicate the process in a proper way (Singh et al. 2007). It is evident that customers are more into receiving particular and relevant solution of their problems compare to general solutions and providing those solutions by the organizations is a major challenge in the present era. The organizations, which could accomplish this effectively, are preferred majorly by the customers, which could be another strategy of attracting more number of prospective customers. Based on my personal opinion, I must say that customers choice could vary based on their culture, however, designers need to consider such factors and develop products that would best fit the customers preferences. References Brown, T. and Wyatt, J., 2015. Design thinking for social innovation.Annual Review of Policy Design,3(1), pp.1-10. Sangiorgi, D., 2011. Transformative services and transformation design.International Journal of Design,5(2). Singh, V., Walther, B., Krager, J., Putnam, N., Koraishy, B., Wood, K.L. and Jensen, D., 2007, January. Design for transformation: Theory, method and application. InASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference(pp. 447-459). American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Wang, Q. and Woo, H.L., 2007. Systematic planning for ICT integration in topic learning.Educational technology society,10(1), pp.148-156.